mars.learn.decomposition.
TruncatedSVD
Dimensionality reduction using truncated SVD (aka LSA).
This transformer performs linear dimensionality reduction by means of truncated singular value decomposition (SVD). Contrary to PCA, this estimator does not center the data before computing the singular value decomposition. This means it can work with scipy.sparse matrices efficiently.
In particular, truncated SVD works on term count/tf-idf matrices as returned by the vectorizers in sklearn.feature_extraction.text. In that context, it is known as latent semantic analysis (LSA).
This estimator supports two algorithms: a fast randomized SVD solver, and a “naive” algorithm that uses ARPACK as an eigensolver on (X * X.T) or (X.T * X), whichever is more efficient.
Read more in the User Guide.
n_components (int, default = 2) – Desired dimensionality of output data. Must be strictly less than the number of features. The default value is useful for visualisation. For LSA, a value of 100 is recommended.
algorithm (string, default = "randomized") – SVD solver to use. Either “arpack” for the ARPACK wrapper in SciPy (scipy.sparse.linalg.svds), or “randomized” for the randomized algorithm due to Halko (2009).
n_iter (int, optional (default 5)) – Number of iterations for randomized SVD solver. Not used by ARPACK. The default is larger than the default in randomized_svd to handle sparse matrices that may have large slowly decaying spectrum.
random_state (int, RandomState instance or None, optional, default = None) – If int, random_state is the seed used by the random number generator; If RandomState instance, random_state is the random number generator; If None, the random number generator is the RandomState instance used by np.random.
tol (float, optional) – Tolerance for ARPACK. 0 means machine precision. Ignored by randomized SVD solver.
components_
array, shape (n_components, n_features)
explained_variance_
The variance of the training samples transformed by a projection to each component.
array, shape (n_components,)
explained_variance_ratio_
Percentage of variance explained by each of the selected components.
singular_values_
The singular values corresponding to each of the selected components. The singular values are equal to the 2-norms of the n_components variables in the lower-dimensional space.
n_components
Examples
>>> from mars.learn.decomposition import TruncatedSVD >>> import mars.tensor as mt >>> from sklearn.random_projection import sparse_random_matrix >>> X = mt.tensor(sparse_random_matrix(100, 100, density=0.01, random_state=42)) >>> svd = TruncatedSVD(n_components=5, n_iter=7, random_state=42) >>> svd.fit(X) TruncatedSVD(algorithm='randomized', n_components=5, n_iter=7, random_state=42, tol=0.0) >>> print(svd.explained_variance_ratio_) [0.0606... 0.0584... 0.0497... 0.0434... 0.0372...] >>> print(svd.explained_variance_ratio_.sum()) 0.249... >>> print(svd.singular_values_) [2.5841... 2.5245... 2.3201... 2.1753... 2.0443...]
See also
PCA
References
Finding structure with randomness: Stochastic algorithms for constructing approximate matrix decompositions Halko, et al., 2009 (arXiv:909) https://arxiv.org/pdf/0909.4061.pdf
Notes
SVD suffers from a problem called “sign indeterminacy”, which means the sign of the components_ and the output from transform depend on the algorithm and random state. To work around this, fit instances of this class to data once, then keep the instance around to do transformations.
__init__
Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.
Methods
__init__([n_components, algorithm, n_iter, …])
Initialize self.
fit(X[, y, session])
fit
Fit LSI model on training data X.
fit_transform(X[, y, session])
fit_transform
Fit LSI model to X and perform dimensionality reduction on X.
get_params([deep])
get_params
Get parameters for this estimator.
inverse_transform(X[, session])
inverse_transform
Transform X back to its original space.
set_params(**params)
set_params
Set the parameters of this estimator.
transform(X[, session])
transform
Perform dimensionality reduction on X.